ORTODOKSI DAN HETERODOKSI NILAI-NILAI DI PESANTREN: STUDI KASUS PADA PERUBAHAN PERILAKU SANTRI DI ERA TEKNOLOGI DIGITAL

Abstract

Abstak

Perkembangan teknologi mempengaruhi hampir setiap lini kehidupan, termasuk kehidupan santri di pesantren. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap transformasi perilaku santri, ortodoksi dan heterodoksi, akibat dari perkembangan teknologi di dunia pesantren. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis studi kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan beberapa perilaku ortodoksi yang sudah ada sejak dahulu masih terjaga di pesantren, seperti berpakaian sopan, mahir membaca kitab kuning bahkan memahami isinya, selalu mematuhi peraturan pesantren, menghormati yang lebih tua dan menyayangi yang lebih muda. Akan tetapi, terdapat pula perilaku yang menyimpang (heterodoksi) yang muncul akibat perkembangan zaman seperti imitasi budaya k-pop, minimnya kemampuan membaca kitab, melanggar tata tertib pesantren, bullying, transformasi otoritas keagamaan santri dan berubahnya sumber primer pembelajaran santri. Namun, terdapat beberapa perilaku yang tetap menjadi ciri khas pesantren seperti solidaritas, mandiri, ta'dzim terhadap kiai, juga mengelola pembelajaran sendiri.  

Abstract

Technological developments affect almost every line of life, including the lives of santri in pesantren. This study aims to uncover the transformation of santri behavior, orthodoxy and heterodoxy, a result of technological developments in the pesantren world. This study uses a qualitative approach with a type of case study. The results showed that some of the orthodoxy behavior that had existed since long ago was still awake in Islamic boarding schools, such as dressing modestly, proficient at reading yellow books and even understanding its contents, always obeying the pesantren's rules, respecting the older and loving younger ones. However, there are also deviant behaviors (heterodoxy) that arise due to the current development, such as imitation of k-pop culture, lack of ability to read books, violating pesantren rules, bullying, transformation of santri religious authority and the change in primary learning sources of santri. However, there are several behaviors that remain the characteristics of pesantren such as solidarity, independence, ta'dzim towards kiai, and managing their own learning.