FACTORS AFFECTING WASTE MANAGEMENT IN NORTH BUNTULIA VILLAGE, POHUWATO DISTRICT

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Introduction
The rapid advancement of industry and continuous population growth have resulted in increasing amounts of industrial and domestic waste polluting both rural and urban landscapes, including land, water bodies, and rivers.As the population continues to rise, finding suitable living spaces has become exceedingly challenging due to the conversion of most available open areas into final disposal sites (TPA).Urban waste primarily originates from industrial and domestic activities, generating waste that can be categorized into two main types: organic and non-organic.Additionally, hazardous waste, such as batteries and syringes, along with industrial waste from combustion emissions, as well as liquid and solid waste, further complicate waste management.
Indonesia, classified as a developing country, has embarked on substantial development across various domains as a means of fostering change.This development process entails utilizing all available resources and environmental elements to enhance the status and prosperity of the populace (Karden Edy Sontang Manik, 2007: 40-41).While the development process yields both positive and negative impacts on human life, it is crucial to mitigate potential adverse consequences to achieve developmental objectives (Karden Edy Sontang Manik, 2007: 41).One significant negative repercussion of this process is the threat to the surrounding environment.Although environmental issues have persisted over time, human activities have exacerbated environmental degradation and pollution (Karden Edy Sontang Manik, 2007: 54).
The World Health Organization defines waste as anything that is no longer needed, unused, disliked, or deliberately discarded.Improperly processed waste can lead to adverse effects, including unsanitary environmental conditions and the spread of various diseases (Mukono, 2000).The waste issue in Indonesia poses a significant challenge due to a lack of environmental sensitivity among the populace, resulting in the accumulation of refuse and creating uncomfortable living conditions.This indifference leads to numerous undesirable consequences.Effective waste management and the prevention of careless littering are essential to prevent environmental pollution (Swadaya, 2008).Tackling the waste problem remains a formidable challenge for the government, exacerbated by the continuous population growth, which escalates waste production.Numerous obstacles hinder waste management efforts, encompassing economic, socio-cultural, and environmental factors (ISA, 2011).Additionally, inadequate system planning contributes to waste-related issues.Some urban residents have yet to adapt to appropriate waste management practices, underscoring the crucial role of community involvement in waste management initiatives (Sahwa and Wahyono, 2002).
Several measures can be implemented to increase environmental awareness, particularly regarding waste management, to improve and protect the environment: (1) Reducing waste at its source using simple technologies, such as household or community-scale composting, and (2) Encouraging community involvement in waste management, supported by Community Self-Help Groups (KSM) (Artiningsih, 2008).The adverse effects of improper waste processing include: (1) Health impacts, as waste can be a source of disease, (2) Environmental impacts, as waste can spoil the view and create discomfort, and (3) Community impacts, as ineffective waste management can reflect poorly on social status (Mukono, 2000).
Household waste has the greatest potential to pollute the environment due to a waste management system that primarily involves collecting, transporting, and disposing of waste in landfills.Large amounts of accumulated waste can release CH4 gas, contributing to greenhouse gas emissions and global warming.
Based on the existing facts, it is evident that waste management is not given sufficient attention and is poorly handled by many parties, even though it is a collective obligation.If waste is not managed properly, it can trigger natural disasters, the spread of diseases, and environmental pollution.Inadequate waste management can lead to various environmental problems, such as flooding, accelerating global warming, decreasing the organic content of gardens and agriculture, deteriorating environmental sanitation, and increasing the prevalence of diseases.
North Buntulia Village, Buntulia District, is a village in Puhuwato Regency which initially implemented a good waste management system based on Pohuwato Regency Regional Regulation (Perda) Number 3 of 2016 concerning Waste Management in Pohuwato Regency, because most of the population is aware that piled up waste can pollute environmental environmental pollution.Apart from that, the North Buntulia Village Government, Buntulia District, annually budgets for the construction of rubbish bins, which are used as waste storage containers in the village.However, with the construction of Communal Houses which are centered in North Buntulia Village, Buntulia District, there has been a buildup of rubbish at that location.Seeing this, the North Buntulia Village Government, Buntulia District, always conveys this through the District Musrembang, so that the problems in North Buntulia Village, Buntulia District, receive attention from the Pohuwato Regency Regional Government regarding waste management which until now has not found the right solution for the Buntulia Village  The waste problem must be handled together, including the government, NGOs and the community itself.So that all communities must be aware and willing to commit together towards changing attitudes and ethics with an environmental culture, by building cooperation between the regional government, in this case the Pohuwato Regency Environmental Service (DLH) and the North Buntulia Village Government, Buntulia District, also involving the village community regarding strategies.to overcome the waste problem in the village.Environmental problems are basically caused by natural phenomena, population growth, excessive use of natural resources, industrial activities and transportation (Karden Edy Sontang Manik, 2007: 56).To fulfill their welfare, humans carry out various activities and produce food, drink and other goods from natural resources.Where apart from producing a product it also produces waste or waste (Chandra, 2007).Waste is the remainder of all activities carried out by humans, which is thrown away because it can no longer be used, therefore waste is closely related to human health because waste is the source of a number of diseases.So waste must be processed properly so that it does not cause disease.The high level of pollution originating from community activities is one of the obstacles that always arises when dealing with waste.This is because as the population increases, the waste produced increases (Mulia, 2005).
The effects that arise if waste is not processed properly are: (1).The health aspect is that waste can be a source of disease, (2).The environmental aspect, namely rubbish, can spoil the view and make us uncomfortable.(3).The community aspect, namely ineffective waste management, can describe the social status of the people (Mukono, 2000).

Research Methodology
This research is a qualitative study using a descriptive approach aimed at revealing facts, conditions, phenomena, and circumstances that occur throughout the research period.
According to Denzin and Lincoln, as quoted in Juliansyah Noor's book, qualitative research utilizes a naturalistic background with the aim of interpreting all involved phenomena by combining various existing methods.The term "qualitative" also implies an emphasis on processes and meaning that are not closely examined in terms of frequency (Creswell, 2016;Noor, 2011;Sugiyono, 2011).
The focus of this study is to understand and describe the significance of establishing Religious Moderation Villages as a strategy for empowering environmentally-based communities.Specifically, this research explores the problem of waste management in Pohuwato Regency, where most residents are aware that accumulated waste can pollute the environment.Additionally, the North Buntulia Village Government, Buntulia District, annually budgets for the construction of rubbish bins used as waste storage containers in the village.
The data collection techniques employed in this research include a literature study (Library Research) and digital information exploration.Bibliographic sources are obtained through reading, analyzing, and connecting information with the research focus.These sources include books, journals, and online news articles considered relevant to the selected topic.
The data analysis technique involves organizing data, categorizing it, and identifying patterns and meanings.
This research also incorporates a synthesis process, which involves cross-studying collected data and relevant theories or concepts.

Results and Discussion
A persistent problem in waste management is the high level of pollution from household waste, markets, hospitals, schools, and other public places.This issue is exacerbated by the increasing population, which generates more waste through their growing activities.Despite waste management being a shared responsibility, it has not been given adequate attention or handled appropriately by various parties.Improper waste management can lead to several environmental problems, including flooding, global warming, and the spread of diseases.
Therefore, joint awareness and a commitment to changing attitudes, behaviors, and ethics towards an environmental culture, especially in waste management, are essential.This research aims to explain the factors influencing waste management in North Buntulia Village.
The findings are as follows:

Size of the organization
Every organization carrying out its duties and roles inevitably faces internal obstacles.
However, these challenges can be overcome if the organization is genuinely committed to its role.In the context of waste management in the village, unpreparedness represents a significant internal obstacle that can prevent successful outcomes.
The North Buntulia Village Government has consistently strived to improve the village, including addressing waste management issues that contribute to environmental pollution.A large government organization is expected to resolve all existing problems, including waste management.
The Head of Milalude I Hamlet, identified as FM, stated in an interview that government organizations significantly influence handling village issues, particularly waste management.
Due to the substantial size of government organizations and the numerous village organizations formed, they are relatively capable of managing waste problems despite the large area and growing population.However, the awareness of the community regarding environmental cleanliness is crucial.Increasing this awareness is essential to keeping the environment free from waste.
Contrastingly, the Head of Kanari II Hamlet, identified as IB, explained in an interview that the size of the village government organization has little impact on program implementation, including waste management, if not accompanied by optimal organizational performance.
Therefore, merely forming numerous organizations does not guarantee the success of village activities if organizational performance is lacking.Hence, serious cooperation is needed from both the village government and the community to maintain a clean environment.

Research results from direct field interviews indicate that the size of the North Buntulia
Village Government organization influences the implementation of planned activities.Even with increasing population growth, the organization's size must be complemented by optimal performance from its members.Without maximum organizational performance, the success of village activities, including waste management, cannot be assured.

Management style
Efforts to raise awareness about environmental issues, especially waste management, necessitate a paradigm shift through changes in management style.This shift aims to alter people's behavior and mindset, making waste problems easier to solve.The North Buntulia Village Government is actively working to improve the village, including addressing waste management, which has consistently posed environmental challenges.It is hoped that an effective management style will help overcome these problems.
The Head of Financial Affairs, AM, stated in an interview that management style significantly influences problem-solving in the village, including waste management.A new management style based on togetherness and openness can lead to democratic solutions by involving the community in all matters, including waste handling.Therefore, the North Buntulia Village Government must regulate and manage village waste while demonstrating leadership qualities that the community can emulate, ensuring a clean environment.
Similarly, the Chairman of the BPD, AL, explained in an interview that management style greatly impacts problem-solving in the village, including waste management.By offering substantial opportunities to all societal elements and involving community organizations, the success of village activities, including waste handling, can be determined, fostering democratic leadership.A good management style can thus provide the best solutions for a clean, waste-free environment.
Field research through direct interviews indicates that the management style of the North Buntulia Village Government is a key factor influencing village activities.By providing opportunities and involving all community elements, including organizations, in waste management, a strategy for overcoming community problems is established.Therefore, this democratic management style will be instrumental in solving the village's waste problem.

Complexity of the business environment
Business and the environment share a reciprocal relationship, where each can influence the other.The rapid industrial progress and annual population growth lead to increased production of industrial and domestic waste, placing a heavy burden on urban and rural areas' land, air, and rivers.
North Buntulia Village also grapples with waste management challenges arising from the complexity of business activities.As the number of businesses increases, so does the volume of waste generated, prompting the village government to foster understanding and awareness among the business community for collaborative environmental preservation efforts.The Head of Kanari I Hamlet, identified as ED, emphasized in an interview that the complexity of business activities significantly contributes to environmental pollution through waste generation.Hence, the village government must engage in management planning, coaching, and educating business owners to prioritize environmental conservation.Similarly, the Head of the Welfare and Services Section, SA, noted in an interview that the proliferation of business activities, particularly among sellers, contributes to waste accumulation, highlighting the need for increased awareness among business owners about waste management's environmental impacts.
Research findings from direct field interviews underscore the influence of business complexity on village waste management.The growing number of daily businesses, coupled with a lack of environmental awareness among business owners, leads to increased waste generation and environmental pollution.Therefore, the village government must engage in management planning, guidance, and education initiatives to encourage businesses to prioritize environmental cleanliness and adopt proper waste disposal practices.

Production process
Waste is the byproduct of community activities, discarded when no longer useful, posing risks of disease outbreaks and public health hazards if not managed properly.Therefore, waste must undergo appropriate processing to mitigate these risks.In North Buntulia Village, efforts to address waste management challenges persist.It's crucial to recognize that waste isn't solely a burden of environmental pollution; it can also offer benefits through a production process.This entails processing waste to benefit the community's economy and aid the village government in waste management.
The Head of Financial Affairs, AM, emphasized in an interview that the waste production process can positively influence waste management in the village.However, this requires effective cooperation among the village government, the community, and other stakeholders such as waste banks and artisans to manage waste, turning it into a source of income for the community.Similarly, Mr. Ismail Botutihe, Head of Kanari II Hamlet, IB, stressed in an interview that proper waste processing can create job opportunities for the community and offer a positive solution for the village government to enhance community welfare.
Research findings from direct interviews highlight the production process as a key factor in improving community welfare and waste management in the village.Effective cooperation among the village government, the community, and other stakeholders such as waste banks and artisans is essential to manage waste effectively, transforming it into a source of income for the community and offering a positive solution for the village government to enhance community welfare.

Characteristics of the problems faced and the objectives of planning
Improper waste handling can lead to various impacts: (1) Health risks, as piles of rubbish can trigger disease outbreaks.(2) Environmental degradation, as unsightly heaps of waste can detract from the surroundings and discomfort residents.(3) Social consequences, including a diminished social status for the community and aesthetically unpleasing environmental conditions.North Buntulia Village grapples with several issues, including waste management challenges exacerbated by various community characteristics.Some community members lack awareness of waste's impact, while others fail to utilize available waste management facilities, hindering effective waste management efforts.
The Head of the Welfare and Services Section, SA, highlighted in an interview that community characteristics significantly influence waste management in the village.The lack of awareness among some community members and underutilization of waste disposal facilities provided through village programs hamper effective waste management.Hence, the village government must enhance community education and provide support to foster high awareness of environmental protection and waste management.
Similarly, the Head of the Government Section, RY, noted in an interview that population density compounds waste management challenges in the village, exacerbating various issues.
These multifaceted problems pose obstacles to the village government's efforts to improve waste management.Research findings from direct interviews underscore that addressing the diverse problems faced during program preparation is crucial in enhancing waste management in villages.Increased community awareness and participation are essential to tackling these challenges, including waste management, by utilizing available facilities.
Effective waste management not only generates side income for the community but also provides a positive solution for the village government to enhance community welfare.

Conclusion
Based on the research findings concerning waste management factors in North Buntulia Village, Buntulia District, Pohuwato Regency, drawn from field investigations, several influential factors can be identified: 1) The size of the organization; 2) Management style; 3) Complexity of the business environment; 4) Production process; and 5) Characteristics of the problems faced and planning objectives.This research underscores the importance of the Pohuwato Regency Regional Government, particularly the North Buntulia Village Government, Buntulia District, in enhancing waste management in the village.It is recommended that the government prioritizes addressing various needs that affect the effective management of waste issues in the village.These measures include providing support to encourage the community and business entities to prioritize environmental consciousness regarding waste disposal.Additionally, ensuring the adequacy of facilities and Government.North of Buntulia District and village communities, especially people in communal houses, because the residents of these communal houses come from 7 villages in Buntulia District, Pohuwato Regency.