Propaganda Politik Pascakebenaran (Posttruth) Menjelang Pemilu 2024 dan Ancamannya terhadap Demokrasi di Indonesia Kontemporer

Authors

  • Abd Hannan IAIN MADURA

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20414/politea.v6i1.7252

Keywords:

Politik propaganda, Politik posttruth, Pemilu 2024, Demokrasi di Indonesia

Abstract

Di tengah memanasnya tensi politik dalam negeri menjelang pemilihan presiden (Pilpres) 2024, berbagai manuver dan diskursus politik mulai muncul ke permukaan publik, salah satunya adalah diskursus politik pascakebenaran (posttruth). Di Indonesia politik pascakebenaran diidentifikasi banyak kalangan sebagai intrik politik yang menitikberatkan manuvernya pada dpropaganda politik, terutama yang berocokol pada narasi kebohongan atas nama identitas. Studi ini fokus mengkaji fenomena propaganda politik pascakebeneran (posttruth) menjelang Pilres 2024 dan ancamannya terhadap bangunan demokrasi di Indonesia kontemporer. Terdapat dua pertanyaan penelitian yang diangkat dalam kajian ini, apa yang dimaksud dengan dengan politik pascakebenaran? Bagaimana pengaruh propaganda politik pascakebenaran terhadap dinamika demokrasi Indonesia menjelang perjelatan Pilpres 2024? Paper ini merupakan studi kualitatif dengan teknik kepustakaan. Sumber dan jenis data yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah data sekunder, khususnya data yang bersumber dari buku, jurnal, dan berbagai hasil penelitian sebelumnya. Setalah menggunakan analisa data lapangan berdasarkan perspektif teori sosiologi politik, studi ini mendapati temuan bahwasanya menjelang Pilpres 2024, propaganda politik posttruth mulai kembali ke ruang publik melalui berbagai propaganda politik yang dimunculkan dalam bentuk isu-isu agama dan identitas. Bercermin pada dinamika politik di Pemilu sebelumnya, 2014 dan 2019, penggunaan propaganda politik posttruth berptensi besar menimbulkan efek negatif. Bukan saja mengancam stabilitas masyarakat di level akar rumput, namun juga berpotensi besar merusak masa depan dan keberlangsungan demokrasi di Indonesia.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Alfaqi, Mifdal Zusron. “Melihat Sejarah Nasionalisme Indonesia untuk Memupuk Sikap Kebangsaan Generasi Muda.” Jurnal Civics 13, no. 2 (2016): 8.

Allcott, Hunt, and Matthew Gentzkow. “Social Media and Fake News in the 2016 Election.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 31, no. 2 (May 1, 2017): 211–236.

Allen, Joe. “Stephen Colbert Claims ‘Post-Truth’ Is Just a ‘Truthiness’ Ripoff.” Paste Magazine. Last modified November 18, 2016. Accessed May 16, 2023. https://www.pastemagazine.com/comedy/stephen-colbert/stephen-colbert-claims-post-truth-is-just-a-truthi.

Amilin, Amilin. “Pengaruh Hoaks Politik Dalam Era Post-Truth Terhadap Ketahanan Nasional Dan Dampaknya Pada Kelangsungan Pembangunan Nasional.” Jurnal Kajian Lemhannas RI 39 (September 2019).

Antony, Sinoj, and Ishfaq Ahmad Tramboo. “Hyperreality in Media and Literature: An Overview of Jean Baudrillard’s.” Clinical Medicine 07, no. 10 (2020): 6.

Ardipandanto, Aryojati. “Dampak Politik Identitas Pada Pilpres 2019: Perspektif Populisme [The Impact of Identity Politics On President Election 2019: Populism Perspective].” Jurnal Politica Dinamika Masalah Politik Dalam Negeri dan Hubungan Internasional 11, no. 1 (July 24, 2020): 43–63.

Asmara, Chandra Gian. “Jokowi Marah, Lagi-lagi Soal Tuduhan PKI.” CNBC Indonesia. Last modified January 9, 2019. Accessed May 16, 2023. https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20190109133718-4-49771/jokowi-marah-lagi-lagi-soal-tuduhan-pki.

BBC News, BBC News. “‘Post-Truth’ Declared Word of the Year by Oxford Dictionaries.” BBC News. Last modified November 16, 2016. Accessed May 16, 2023. https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-37995600.

Bovet, Alexandre, and Hernán A. Makse. “Influence of Fake News in Twitter during the 2016 US Presidential Election.” Nature Communications 10, no. 1 (January 2, 2019): 7.

CNN Indonesia. “Jejak Rasial Trump, Tuding Obama Muslim hingga Benci Imigran.” internasional. Last modified July 16, 2019. Accessed May 16, 2023. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/internasional/20190716114013-134-412497/jejak-rasial-trump-tuding-obama-muslim-hingga-benci-imigran.

CNN Indonesia, CNN Indonesia. “Survei SMRC: Politik Identitas Terjadi di 2024 Jika Ganjar vs Anies.” nasional. Last modified January 13, 2023. Accessed May 16, 2023. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20230112192528-617-899732/survei-smrc-politik-identitas-terjadi-di-2024-jika-ganjar-vs-anies.

Diniyanto, Ayon, and Wahyudi Sutrisno. “Pengawasan Pemilihan Umum Di Era Post-Truth: Problem, Tantangan, Dan Strategi.” Jurnal Adhyasta Pemilu 5, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 44–58.

Golose, Petrus Reinhard. “Strategi Penanganan Firehose of Falsehood pada Era Post-Truth.” Jurnal Ilmu Kepolisian 13, no. 1 (2019).

Hamayotsu, Kikue. “The Limits of Civil Society in Democratic Indonesia: Media Freedom and Religious Intolerance.” Journal of Contemporary Asia 43, no. 4 (November 2013): 658–677.

Hanan, Djayadi. “Identity Politics In The 2019 Indonesian General Elections: Its Significance And Limitation.” JWP (Jurnal Wacana Politik) 5, no. 1 (March 4, 2020): 15.

Handayani, Maulida Sri. “Kuatnya Sentimen Agama di Pilgub Jakarta.” tirto.id. Last modified February 14, 2017. Accessed May 16, 2023. https://tirto.id/kuatnya-sentimen-agama-di-pilgub-jakarta-ciZn.

Hanif, Muh. “Studi Media dan Budaya Populer dalam Perspektif Modernisme dan Postmodernisme.” KOMUNIKA: Jurnal Dakwah dan Komunikasi 5, no. 2 (January 1, 1970): 235–251.

Hannan, Abd. “Post-Truth Di Balik Survei Politik.” Analisadaily.Com. Last modified Mei 2018. Accessed May 16, 2023. https://analisa.link//.

Kompas, Kompas. “1 Juta Data Pengguna Asal Indonesia Bocor, Menkominfo Panggil Facebook.” KOMPAS.com. Last modified April 5, 2018. Accessed May 16, 2023. https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2018/04/05/17361101/1-juta-data-pengguna-asal-indonesia-bocor-menkominfo-panggil-facebook.

Kurniawan, Afrito Eka. “Pemilu Serentak 2024 Picu Munculnya Post Truth Politic | Kumparan.Com.” Https://Kumparan.Com/. Last modified Desember 2022. Accessed May 16, 2023. https://kumparan.com/236-afrito-eka-kurniawan/pemilu-serentak-2024-picu-munculnya-post-truth-politic-1zXcWfU2Kfm.

Latief, Muh Iqbal. “Efek Post Truth pada Partisipasi Pemilih Pemilu 2019.” Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi 8, no. 2 (2019).

Mcglinchey, Edited Stephen, Leo S F Lin, Zeynep Selin Balci, and Patrick Vernon. Global Politics in a Post-Truth Age. E-International Relations Bristol: England, 2022.

Mediatama, Grahanusa. “Pilkada DKI berpotensi ganggu stabilitas jika...” kontan.co.id. Last modified April 18, 2017. Accessed May 16, 2023. https://nasional.kontan.co.id/news/pilkada-dki-berpotensi-ganggu-stabilitas-jika.

Meyer, Renate E., and Paolo Quattrone. “Living in a Post-Truth World? Research, Doubt and Organization Studies.” Organization Studies 42, no. 9 (September 1, 2021): 1373–1383.

Mulgan, R. G. “Defining ‘Democracy.’” Political Science 20, no. 2 (December 1, 1968): 3–9.

Mutz, Diana C. “Status Threat, Not Economic Hardship, Explains the 2016 Presidential Vote.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 19 (May 8, 2018): E4330–E4339.

Nainggolan, Bestian. “”Post Truth” Survei Opini Publik.” kompas.id. Last modified May 14, 2018. Accessed May 16, 2023. https://www.kompas.id/baca/riset/2018/05/14/post-truth-survei-opini-publik.

Nordholt, Henk Schulte. “Identity Politics, Citizenship and the Soft State in Indonesia: An Essay.” Journal of Indonesian Social Sciences and Humanities 1, no. 2 (2008).

Nugroho, Bagus Prihantoro. “Cambridge Analytica, Panen Data Facebook dan Menangkan Trump.” detiknews. Last modified March 22, 2018. Accessed May 16, 2023. https://news.detik.com/internasional/d-3930184/cambridge-analytica-panen-data-facebook-dan-menangkan-trump.

Nugroho, Danu Damarjati, Bagus Prihantoro. “Kaleidoskop 2018: Heboh Prabowo Bicara Prediksi RI Bubar di 2030.” detiknews. Last modified Des 2018. Accessed May 16, 2023. https://news.detik.com/berita/d-4357883/kaleidoskop-2018-heboh-prabowo-bicara-prediksi-ri-bubar-di-2030.

Nurfaizah, Ayu. “Waspadai Politik Identitas Lewat Manipulasi Opini Jelang Pemilu 2024.” kompas.id. Last modified March 2, 2023. Accessed May 16, 2023. https://www.kompas.id/baca/polhuk/2023/03/02/waspadai-politik-identitas-menjelang-pemilu-2024.

Poulakidakos, Stamatis, Anastasia Veneti, and Christos Fangonikolopoulos. “Post-Truth, Propaganda and the Transformation of the Spiral of Silence.” International Journal of Media & Cultural Politics 14 (September 1, 2018): 367–382.

Ratumakin, Roy. “Tensi Politik Meningkat, Sosok Ini Presiden di 2024 Gantikan Jokowi?” Tribun-papua.com. Last modified June 5, 2022. Accessed May 16, 2023. https://papua.tribunnews.com/2022/06/05/tensi-politik-meningkat-sosok-ini-presiden-di-2024-gantikan-jokowi.

Redaksi. “Menjaga Tensi Politik.” kompas.id. Last modified October 4, 2022. Accessed May 16, 2023. https://www.kompas.id/baca/opini/2022/10/04/menjaga-tensi-politik.

Ritser, George. Teori Sosiologi Dari Klasik Sampai Postmodern. IV. Bantul: Kreasi wacana, 2010.

Sahabi, Omen, and Ilya Nacho. The Consequences of Political Identity for a Democratic System. Preprint. Thesis Commons, February 18, 2020. Accessed May 16, 2023. https://osf.io/pdncf.

Schindler, Sebastian. “The Task of Critique in Times of Post-Truth Politics.” Review of International Studies 46, no. 3 (July 2020): 376–394.

Sugiyono. Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Dan Kualitatif Dan R & D, Cet. XV. Bandung: ALFABETA, 2010.

Suharyanto, Cosmas Eko. “Analisis Berita Hoaks di Era Post-Truth: Sebuah Review.” Jurnal Masyarakat Telematika dan Informasi 10, no. 2 (2019).

Suryowati, Estu. “Panas Lebih Cepat, Peta Pilpres 2024 Bakal Mulai Terlihat Tahun Depan.” Panas Lebih Cepat, Peta Pilpres 2024 Bakal Mulai Terlihat Tahun Depan - Jawa Pos. Last modified August 17, 2021. Accessed May 16, 2023. https://www.jawapos.com/politik/01339706/panas-lebih-cepat-peta-pilpres-2024-bakal-mulai-terlihat-tahun-depan.

Suzina, Ana Cristina. “Brazil, Hijacked by Post-Truth.” OpenDemocracy. Last modified October 22, 2018. Accessed May 16, 2023. https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/democraciaabierta/brazil-hijacked-by-post-truth/.

Syarif, Zainuddin, Syafiq A. Mughni, and Abd Hannan. “Post-Truth and Islamophobia Narration in the Contemporary Indonesian Political Constellation.” Indonesian Journal of Islam and Muslim Societies; Vol 10, No 2 (2020): Indonesian Journal of Islam and Muslim SocietiesDO - 10.18326/ijims.v10i2.199-225 10, no. 2 (December 21, 2020). https://ijims.iainsalatiga.ac.id/index.php/ijims/article/view/4345.

Teguh, Irfan. “Prabowo, Isu Khilafah, dan Sejarah Gerakan Islam Politik Indonesia.” tirto.id. Last modified April 3, 2019. Accessed May 16, 2023. https://tirto.id/prabowo-isu-khilafah-dan-sejarah-gerakan-islam-politik-indonesia-dkT6.

Tesich, Steve. “A Government of Lies.” Last modified 1992. Accessed May 16, 2023. https://www.thefreelibrary.com/A+government+of+lies.-a011665982.

———. “A Government of Lies.” The Nation (New York, N.Y.) 254, no. 1 (1992): 12-.

theguardian.com, theguardian.com. “‘Post-Truth’ Named Word of the Year by Oxford Dictionaries.” The Guardian. Last modified November 15, 2016. Accessed May 16, 2023. http://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/nov/15/post-truth-named-word-of-the-year-by-oxford-dictionaries.

Waldman, Paul. “How America Skidded from ‘Truthiness’ to ‘Post-Truth.’” The Week. Last modified November 29, 2016. Accessed May 16, 2023. https://theweek.com/articles/664112/how-america-skidded-from-truthiness-posttruth.

Downloads

Published

2023-06-01

How to Cite

Abd Hannan. “Propaganda Politik Pascakebenaran (Posttruth) Menjelang Pemilu 2024 Dan Ancamannya Terhadap Demokrasi Di Indonesia Kontemporer”. Politea : Jurnal Politik Islam 6, no. 1 (June 1, 2023): 51–82. Accessed October 1, 2025. https://journal.uinmataram.ac.id/index.php/politea/article/view/7252.