Pengaruh Pembiayaan Bagi Hasil, Kualitas Aset, dan Efisiensi Operasional Terhadap Profitabilitas Bank BCA Syariah

Abstract

This study aims to examine the impact of profit-and-loss sharing financing (Mudharabah and Musyarakah), non-performing financing (NPF), and operational efficiency (BOPO) on the profitability (ROA) of PT Bank BCA Syariah during the macroeconomic shock period (2018-2025). A quantitative time-series method was employed using Newey-West Standard Errors regression on 32 quarterly data points to resolve autocorrelation issues. The findings reveal that Mudharabah, Musyarakah, and NPF ratios do not significantly affect ROA. Conversely, BOPO has a significant and negative effect on profitability. The originality of this research lies in stress-testing the classical intermediation theory during a crisis, proving that financing expansion loses its profit-generating power due to real sector paralysis, while regulatory relaxation successfully neutralizes NPF risks. Practically, this implies that Islamic banks must prioritize extreme cost-efficiency as the primary survival mechanism during a recession rather than forcing financing expansion. The limitation of this study is its single-entity observation; future research is recommended to utilize national Islamic banking panel data.