INTEGRATING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE INTO ENTREPRENEURIAL STRATEGIES: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES
MENGINTEGRASIKAN KECERDASAN BUATAN KE DALAM STRATEGI KEWIRAUSAHAAN: PELUANG DAN TANTANGAN
Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence , Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurial Strategy, Opportunities, ChallengesAbstract
The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has created both unprecedented opportunities and pressing challenges for entrepreneurs, making its integration into business strategy a topic of growing urgency and relevance. This study aims to investigate how AI is incorporated into entrepreneurial strategies, the opportunities it generates, and the challenges it imposes, with particular attention to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and startups. Employing a qualitative library research design, the study draws on peer-reviewed journals, academic books, and industry reports published in the last decade. Using content analysis, the literature was categorized into two main themes opportunities and challenges and synthesized into a conceptual framework. The findings reveal that AI fosters innovation, efficiency, and market expansion through personalization, predictive analytics, and scalable business models, but entrepreneurs face significant barriers, including high implementation costs, skills shortages, regulatory uncertainty, and ethical dilemmas. The study contributes theoretically by integrating Dynamic Capabilities, Entrepreneurial Orientation, and technology acceptance models (TAM/UTAUT) to explain AI adoption in entrepreneurship. Practically, it offers guidance for entrepreneurs to maximize AI-driven opportunities while mitigating risks. The study acknowledges limitations inherent in library research and recommends empirical studies, such as surveys or case analyses, to validate and extend the proposed framework.
Downloads
References
Abuzaid, A. N., & Alsbou, M. K. K. (2024). AI and Entrepreneurship: Enablers, Obstacles, and Startups’ Role in Shaping the Future Economy. 2024 International Conference on Knowledge Engineering and Communication Systems (ICKECS), 1, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICKECS61492.2024.10616645
Ahmad, Z., AlWadi, B. M., Kumar, H., Ng, B.-K., & Nguyen, D. N. (2024). Digital transformation of family-owned small businesses: a nexus of internet entrepreneurial self-efficacy, artificial intelligence usage and strategic agility. Kybernetes. https://doi.org/10.1108/K-10-2023-2205
Alet, J. (2023). Effective integration of artificial intelligence: key axes for business strategy. Journal of Business Strategy, 45(2), 107–114. https://doi.org/10.1108/JBS-01-2023-0005
Alshurideh, M. T., Zakarneh, B., Hamadneh, S., Ahmed, G., Paramaiah, C., & Alzoubi, H. M. (2024). Artificial Intelligence in Identifying Market Opportunities: Revolutionizing Entrepreneurial Strategy and Innovation. 2024 2nd International Conference on Cyber Resilience (ICCR), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCR61006.2024.10532918
Andreeva, A., Yolova, G., & Dimitrova, D. (2019). Artificial intellect: Regulatory Framework and Challenges Facing the Labour Market. Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Computer Systems and Technologies, 74–77. https://doi.org/10.1145/3345252.3345261
Appio, F. P., La Torre, D., Lazzeri, F., Masri, H., & Schiavone, F. (2023). Impact of Artificial Intelligence in Business and Society: Opportunities and Challenges (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003304616
Bickley, S. J., Macintyre, A., & Torgler, B. (2025). Artificial Intelligence and Big Data in Sustainable Entrepreneurship. Journal of Economic Surveys, 39(1), 103–145. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/joes.12611
Cath, C. (2018). Governing artificial intelligence: ethical, legal and technical opportunities and challenges. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 376(2133), 20180080. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2018.0080
Chen, L., Ifenthaler, D., Yau, J. Y.-K., & Sun, W. (2024). Artificial intelligence in entrepreneurship education: a scoping review. Education + Training, 66(6), 589–608. https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-05-2023-0169
Chiarini, A. (2012). Lessons Learned from the Comparison and Discussion BT - From Total Quality Control to Lean Six Sigma: Evolution of the Most Important Management Systems for the Excellence (A. Chiarini (ed.); pp. 53–55). Springer Milan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2658-2_12
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2017). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications.
Du, S., & Xie, C. (2021). Paradoxes of artificial intelligence in consumer markets: Ethical challenges and opportunities. Journal of Business Research, 129, 961–974. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.08.024
Duong, C. D., Le, T. T., Dang, N. S., Do, N. D., & Vu, A. T. (2024). Unraveling the determinants of digital entrepreneurial intentions: do performance expectancy of artificial intelligence solutions matter? Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 31(7), 1327–1356. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-02-2024-0065
Enholm, I. M., Papagiannidis, E., Mikalef, P., & Krogstie, J. (2022). Artificial Intelligence and Business Value: a Literature Review. Information Systems Frontiers, 24(5), 1709–1734. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10796-021-10186-w
Etemad, H. (2024). Challenges of smaller entrepreneurial enterprises aiming to generate higher values by adopting artificial intelligence (AI) and competing in the rapidly evolving AI industry. Journal of International Entrepreneurship, 22(3), 269–287. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10843-025-00385-w
Fang, J. (2023). Research on the Design of Business Models and Transformation Management of New Entrepreneurial Ventures Driven by Artificial Intelligence. BCP Business & Management, 49, 36–41. https://doi.org/10.54691/bcpbm.v49i.5383
Favour Oluwadamilare Usman, Nsisong Louis Eyo-Udo, Emmanuel Augustine Etukudoh, Beryl Odonkor, Chidera Victoria Ibeh, & Ayodeji Adegbola. (2024). a Critical Review of Ai-Driven Strategies for Entrepreneurial Success. International Journal of Management & Entrepreneurship Research, 6(1), 200–215. https://doi.org/10.51594/ijmer.v6i1.748
Fetaji, M. (2023). Dеvising a Modеl AI-UTAUT by Combining Artificial Inteligence AI with Unifiеd Thеory of Accеptancе and Usе of Tеchnology (UTAUT). SAR Journal - Science and Research, 6(3), 182–187. https://doi.org/10.18421/sar63-06
Ge, B., & Zhao, L. (2022). The impact of the integration of opportunity and resources of new ventures on entrepreneurial performance: The moderating role of BDAC-AI. Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 39(3), 440–461. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/sres.2850
Giuggioli, G., & Pellegrini, M. M. (2022). Artificial intelligence as an enabler for entrepreneurs: a systematic literature review and an agenda for future research. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 29(4), 816–837. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-05-2021-0426
Gong, Y., Wang, S., & Dong, Y. (2025). Integrating artificial intelligence in entrepreneurship education: Dynamic capabilities and marketing performance among student entrepreneurs. The International Journal of Management Education, 23(3), 101248. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2025.101248
Govori, A., & Sejdija, Q. (2023). Future Prospects and Challenges of Integrating Artificial Intelligence Within the Business Practices of Small and Medium Enterprises. Journal of Governance and Regulation, 12(2), 176–183. https://doi.org/10.22495/jgrv12i2art16
Güner Gültekin, D., Pinarbasi, F., Yazici, M., & Adiguzel, Z. (2025). Commercialisation of artificial intelligence: a research on entrepreneurial companies with challenges and opportunities. Business Process Management Journal, 31(2), 605–630. https://doi.org/10.1108/BPMJ-10-2023-0836
Kaplan, A., & Haenlein, M. (2020). Rulers of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of artificial intelligence. Business Horizons, 63(1), 37–50. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2019.09.003
Kisielnicki, J., Zadrożny, J., & Fabisiak, S. (2022). Artificial Intelligence as a Tool Supporting Organizational Entrepreneurship – Theoretical Problems and Case Analysis. Problemy Zarządzania - Management Issues, 20(1(95)), 125–149. https://doi.org/10.7172/1644-9584.95.6
Klarin, A. (2024). How to conduct a bibliometric content analysis: Guidelines and contributions of content co-occurrence or co-word literature reviews. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 48(2), e13031. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.13031
Kukanja, M. (2024). Examining the Impact of Entrepreneurial Orientation, Self-Efficacy, and Perceived Business Performance on Managers’ Attitudes Towards AI and Its Adoption in Hospitality SMEs. Systems, 12(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/systems12120526
Majorana, C. D. B., de Vasconcellos, S. L., & Borini, F. M. (2025). Integrating creativity and artificial intelligence capability in entrepreneurial ventures. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 32(4), 905–929. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-05-2024-0249
Muchenje, C., Mtengwa, E., & Maregere, L. L. (2024). Unleashing entrepreneurial potential: The transformative impact of artificial intelligence. AI-Driven Marketing Research and Data Analytics, April, 378–405. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-2165-2.ch021
Najarian, A. (2025). An Examination of Technology Acceptance Models for Chatbot Adoption in Startup E-businesses: A Narrative Review. Online) International Journal of Management, Accounting and Economics, 12(3), 2383–2126.
O’Sullivan, S., Nevejans, N., Allen, C., Blyth, A., Leonard, S., Pagallo, U., Holzinger, K., Holzinger, A., Sajid, M. I., & Ashrafian, H. (2019). Legal, regulatory, and ethical frameworks for development of standards in artificial intelligence (AI) and autonomous robotic surgery. The International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery, 15(1), e1968. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/rcs.1968
Obschonka, M., & Audretsch, D. B. (2020). Artificial intelligence and big data in entrepreneurship: a new era has begun. Small Business Economics, 55(3), 529–539. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-019-00202-4
Rahimi, R. A., & Oh, G. S. (2024). Beyond theory: a systematic review of strengths and limitations in technology acceptance models through an entrepreneurial lens. Journal of Marketing Analytics. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41270-024-00318-x
Rikhamba, R. (2024). The role of entrepreneurial orientation on the adoption of artificial intelligence within organisations: The mediating roles of organisational learning and innovation capacity. November, 1–104. https://repository.up.ac.za/server/api/core/bitstreams/b349bd8a-c48f-4a39-bcf6
ca45f3df/content
Roundy, P. T., & Asllani, A. (2024). Understanding AI innovation contexts: a review and content analysis of artificial intelligence and entrepreneurial ecosystems research. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 124(7), 2333–2363. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMDS-08-2023-0551
Siddiqui, D., Mumtaz, U., & Ahmad, N. (2024). Artificial intelligence in entrepreneurship: A bibliometric analysis of the literature. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 14(1), 13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40497-024-00385-5
Sophocleous, H. P. (2025). Harnessing Big Data and Artificial Intelligence for Entrepreneurial Innovation: Opportunities, Challenges, and Strategic Implications. In Encyclopedia (Vol. 5, Issue 3). https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia5030122
Sundararajan, S. (2022). Artificial Intelligence’s Role in the Growth of Entrepreneurship Development. Kristu Jayanti Journal of Management Sciences (KJMS), 1(1), 38–48. https://doi.org/10.59176/kjms.v1i1.2200
Toniolo, K., Masiero, E., Massaro, M., & Bagnoli, C. (2020). Sustainable Business Models and Artificial Intelligence: Opportunities and Challenges BT - Knowledge, People, and Digital Transformation: Approaches for a Sustainable Future (F. Matos, V. Vairinhos, I. Salavisa, L. Edvinsson, & M. Massaro (eds.); pp. 103–117). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40390-4_8
Townsend, D. M., & Hunt, R. A. (2019). Entrepreneurial action, creativity, & judgment in the age of artificial intelligence. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 11, e00126. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbvi.2019.e00126
Truong, Y., Schneckenberg, D., Battisti, M., & Jabbouri, R. (2023). Guest editorial: Artificial intelligence as an enabler for entrepreneurs: an integrative perspective and future research directions. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 29(4), 801–815. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-04-2023-033
Upadhyay, N., Upadhyay, S., & Dwivedi, Y. K. (2021). Theorizing artificial intelligence acceptance and digital entrepreneurship model. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 28(5), 1138–1166. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-01-2021-0052
Uriarte, S., Baier-Fuentes, H., Espinoza-Benavides, J., & Inzunza-Mendoza, W. (2025). Artificial intelligence technologies and entrepreneurship: a hybrid literature review. Review of Managerial Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11846-025-00839-4
Weber, M., Bulut, E., Bies, L., Greff, T., & Werth, D. (2024). ai’s role in marketing for smes: knowledge, barriers and application potentials. 2024 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Computer, Data Sciences and Applications (ACDSA), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACDSA59508.2024.10467979
Wright, S. A., & Schultz, A. E. (2018). The rising tide of artificial intelligence and business automation: Developing an ethical framework. Business Horizons, 61(6), 823–832. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2018.07.001
Xue, L., & Pang, Z. (2022). Ethical governance of artificial intelligence: An integrated analytical framework. Journal of Digital Economy, 1(1), 44–52. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdec.2022.08.003
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Andika Yuda Pratama, M. Haikal Rivaldi, Ghaitsa Nindi Azzahra

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.


